Ma subsystem a HVAC makamaka ndi awa: makina otenthetsera, makina opumira mpweya, ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya.
Makina otenthetsera makamaka amakhala ndi kutentha kwa madzi otentha ndi kutentha kwa nthunzi. Kutentha kwa madzi otentha kumakonda kwambiri m'nyumba. Kutentha kwa madzi otentha kumagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kufalitsa kutentha ndi makina ena osinthira kutentha kuti kutentha kwa mkati kukhale koyenera. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zili mu makinawa ndi izi: boiler, circulating pump, secondary heat exchanger, mapaipi ndi terminal yamkati. Ndipo zinthu zoteteza thovu la Kingflex rabara zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poletsa kuzizira kwa mapaipi.
Kupuma mpweya kumatanthauza njira yotumizira mpweya wabwino ndikuchotsa zinyalala m'malo amkati. Cholinga chachikulu cha mpweya wabwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino m'nyumba uli bwino, ndipo mpweya wabwino ungachepetsenso kutentha kwa malo amkati. Kupuma mpweya kumaphatikizapo mpweya wachilengedwe komanso mpweya wokakamizidwa.
Makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi kuphatikiza kwa zipangizo zopangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawongolera mpweya mkati mwa nyumba motsogozedwa ndi anthu kuti akwaniritse zofunikira. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusamalira mpweya wotumizidwa mnyumbamo kupita ku mkhalidwe winawake kuti achotse kutentha kotsala ndi chinyezi chotsala mchipindamo, kuti kutentha ndi chinyezi zisungidwe mkati mwa mulingo woyenera thupi la munthu.
Dongosolo lokwanira komanso lodziyimira palokha la mpweya woziziritsa lingagawidwe m'magawo atatu, omwe ndi: magwero ozizira ndi kutentha ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito mpweya, makina ogawa mpweya ndi madzi ozizira ndi otentha, ndi zida zolumikizira mkati.
Chitoliro choteteza thovu cha rabara cha Kingflex ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamakina oziziritsira mpweya
Kugawa ndi mfundo zoyambira za machitidwe a HVAC
1. Kugawa magulu malinga ndi cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito
Choziziritsira mpweya chabwino - chimafuna kutentha koyenera, malo abwino, palibe zofunikira zokhwima pakusintha kolondola kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, maofesi, malo owonetsera zisudzo, m'masitolo akuluakulu, m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, m'magalimoto, m'zombo, m'ndege, ndi zina zotero. Mpukutu wa pepala loteteza thovu la Kingflex umapezeka kulikonse m'malo omwe ali pamwambapa.
Zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya zaukadaulo - pali zofunikira zina zosinthira molondola kutentha ndi chinyezi, komanso zofunikira zapamwamba pakuyeretsa mpweya. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo ochitira zinthu zamagetsi, malo ochitira zinthu zolondola, chipinda cha makompyuta, labotale ya zamoyo, ndi zina zotero.
2. Kugawa magulu malinga ndi kapangidwe ka zida
Mpweya Woziziritsa (Wapakati) - Zipangizo zoyendetsera mpweya zimakhala mchipinda chapakati choziziritsira mpweya, ndipo mpweya wothiridwa umatumizidwa ku makina oziziritsira mpweya a chipinda chilichonse kudzera mu payipi ya mpweya. Ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okhala ndi malo akuluakulu, zipinda zoziritsira, komanso kutentha ndi chinyezi chapafupi m'chipinda chilichonse, monga m'masitolo akuluakulu, masitolo akuluakulu, malo odyera, zombo, mafakitale, ndi zina zotero. Kusamalira ndi kuyang'anira makinawo ndikosavuta, ndipo kusungulumwa kwa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kwa zipangizozi ndikosavuta kuthetsa, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito gulu la mawu la Kingflex. Koma mphamvu zomwe mafani ndi mapampu amagwiritsa ntchito mu makina otumizira ndi kugawa makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi zapamwamba kwambiri. Mu Chithunzi 8-4, ngati palibe mankhwala a mpweya A am'deralo, ndipo mankhwala apakati B okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsira mpweya, makinawo ndi amtundu wapakati.
Mpweya woziziritsa mpweya womwe uli pakati ndi pakati - makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe ali ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe amayendetsa mpweya. Mtundu uwu wa makina ndi wovuta kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kukwaniritsa kulondola kwakukulu. Ndi woyenera nyumba za boma zomwe zili ndi malamulo odziyimira pawokha monga mahotela, mahotela, nyumba zamaofesi, ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa makina otumizira ndi kugawa ma air conditioner omwe ali pakati nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwa makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe ali pakati. Makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe ali pakati ndi pakati amaphatikizapo makina olumikizira ma fan coil ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe amalowetsa mpweya. Mu Chithunzi 8-4, pali makina oziziritsa mpweya A am'deralo ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya omwe ali pakati B. Makinawa ali pakati ndi pakati.
Ma Air Conditioner Omwe Ali M'deralo - Ma Air conditioner omwe chipinda chilichonse chili ndi chipangizo chake chomwe chimagwira ntchito yoyendetsa mpweya. Ma Air conditioner amatha kuyikidwa mwachindunji m'chipindamo kapena m'chipinda chapafupi kuti azitha kuyendetsa mpweya m'deralo. Ndi oyenera nthawi yokhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono, zipinda zogawanika, komanso kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, monga maofesi, zipinda zamakompyuta, mabanja, ndi zina zotero. Zipangizozi zitha kukhala chipangizo chimodzi chodziyimira pawokha chowongolera mpweya, kapena makina opangidwa ndi ma air conditioner amtundu wa fan-coil omwe amapereka madzi otentha ndi ozizira m'njira yapakati. Chipinda chilichonse chimatha kusintha kutentha kwa chipinda chake ngati pakufunika. Pa Chithunzi 8-4, ngati palibe mpweya wowongolera mpweya wapakati B, koma mpweya wowongolera mpweya wapafupi A wokha, makinawo ndi a mtundu wa malo omwe ali m'deralo.
3. Malinga ndi gulu la zofalitsa zonyamula katundu
Dongosolo la mpweya wonse—mpweya wotentha ndi wozizira wokha ndi womwe umaperekedwa kudera lokhala ndi mpweya woziziritsa kudzera m'mitsempha, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 8-5 (a). Mitundu ya mitsempha ya machitidwe a mpweya wonse ndi iyi: mitsempha ya malo amodzi, mitsempha ya malo ambiri, mitsempha imodzi kapena iwiri, mitsempha yotenthetsera kumapeto, kayendedwe ka mpweya kosalekeza, machitidwe osinthasintha a mpweya, ndi machitidwe osakanizidwa. Mu dongosolo la mpweya wonse, mpweya watsopano ndi mpweya wobwerera zimasakanizidwa ndikukonzedwa kudzera mu coil yoziziritsa musanatumizidwe kuchipinda kuti zikatenthetse kapena kuziziritsa chipindacho. Mu Chithunzi 8-4, ngati chithandizo chapakati B chimachita mpweya woziziritsa, ndi cha dongosolo lonse la mpweya.
Dongosolo lonse la madzi - katundu wa chipinda umanyamulidwa ndi madzi ozizira ndi otentha omwe amaperekedwa pakati. Madzi ozizira omwe amapangidwa ndi gawo lapakati amayendetsedwa ndikutumizidwa ku coil (yomwe imatchedwanso zida zoyambira kapena fan coil) mu unit yoyendetsera mpweya kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mkati, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 8-5(b). Kutentha kumachitika poyendetsa madzi otentha mu coil. Ngati chilengedwe chimafuna kuziziritsa kapena kutentha kokha, kapena kutentha ndi kuzizira sizikuchitika nthawi imodzi, dongosolo la mapaipi awiri lingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Madzi otentha ofunikira pakutenthetsa amapangidwa ndi chotenthetsera chamagetsi kapena boiler, ndipo kutentha kumachotsedwa ndi convection heat exchanger, kick plate heat radiator, finned tube radiator, ndi unit ya fan coil yokhazikika. Pa Chithunzi 8-4, ngati madzi oziziritsa okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mpweya wapafupi A, ndi a dongosolo lonse la madzi.
Dongosolo la madzi opumira mpweya – katundu wa chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wopumira umanyamulidwa ndi mpweya wokonzedwa pakati, ndipo katundu wina amalowetsedwa mchipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wopumira ndi madzi ngati cholumikizira, ndipo mpweya umakonzedwanso.
Dongosolo la unit yotulutsa mpweya mwachindunji - lomwe limadziwikanso kuti dongosolo la refrigerant air-conditioning, katundu wa chipinda chotulutsa mpweya umanyamulidwa mwachindunji ndi refrigerant, ndipo evaporator (kapena condenser) ya dongosolo loziziritsira mpweya imatenga mwachindunji (kapena kutulutsa) kutentha kuchokera mchipinda choziziritsira mpweya, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 8-5 (d). Chipangizochi chimapangidwa ndi: zida zochizira mpweya (choziziritsira mpweya, chotenthetsera mpweya, chonyowetsa chinyezi, fyuluta, ndi zina zotero) zida za fan ndi zoziziritsira (refrigeration compressor, throttling mechanism, ndi zina zotero). Mu Chithunzi 8-4, kutentha kwapafupi kokha A kwa refrigerant kumagwira ntchito, ndipo refrigerant ikakhala refrigerant yamadzimadzi, imakhala ya dongosolo la evaporative mwachindunji.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-22-2022
